Farsky large chest4/19/2023 ![]() ![]() National and regional CR capacity were computed by multiplying the median number of patients a programme could serve annually (programme reported in survey) among the responding programmes in a given country or region, respectively, multiplied by the total number of programmes in that jurisdiction (ascertained from literature and/or champion). Programme volume was defined as the median number of patients served by a programme annually (programme reported in survey, described below). With regard to the first objective, CR availability referred to the existence of one or more programme in a country. 17 It is recommended that programmes offer a minimum dose of 12 sessions, although greater benefits could be achieved with more, 18 and these sessions can be delivered in an unsupervised setting if patients have barriers to participation. initial assessment, structured exercise training, and risk factor management, including stress) which are to be delivered by a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals with expertise in all the secondary prevention recommendations. Many European countries have CR guidelines, 7– 16 as does the European Association of Preventive Cardiology, 6 a branch of the European Society of Cardiology, which specify the core components (e.g. 3 Based on substantive evidence that participation is also associated with 20% reductions in cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, 4, 5 clinical practice guidelines 6 for CVD revascularisation and heart failure patients, among others, recommend referral to CR. ![]() ConclusionĬardiac rehabilitation (CR) is an established model of care for secondary prevention, which is cost-effective, affordable, and averts costly downstream healthcare utilization. Programmes had a multidisciplinary team of 6.5 ± 3.0 staff (number and type varied regionally and European programmes had more staff than other high-income countries), offering 8.5 ± 1.5/10 core components (consistent with other high-income countries) over 24.8 ± 26.0 hours (regional differences, P < 0.05). Guideline-indicated conditions were accepted in 70% or more of programmes (lower for stable coronary disease), with no regional variation. Most programmes were funded by social security ( n = 25, 59.5% with significant regional variation, P < 0.001), but in 72 (16.0%) patients paid some or all of the programme costs (or ∼18.5% of the ∼€150.0/programme) out of pocket. Across all Europe, there was on average only 1 CR spot per 7 IHD patients, with an unmet regional need of 3,449,460 spots annually. Programme volumes (median 300) were greatest in western European countries, but overall were higher than in other high-income countries ( P < 0.001). A total of 455/1538 (29.6% response rate) programme respondents initiated the survey. ![]() Data were collected in 37 (94.8% country response rate). All subjects Allied Health Cardiology & Cardiovascular Medicine Dentistry Emergency Medicine & Critical Care Endocrinology & Metabolism Environmental Science General Medicine Geriatrics Infectious Diseases Medico-legal Neurology Nursing Nutrition Obstetrics & Gynecology Oncology Orthopaedics & Sports Medicine Otolaryngology Palliative Medicine & Chronic Care Pediatrics Pharmacology & Toxicology Psychiatry & Psychology Public Health Pulmonary & Respiratory Medicine Radiology Research Methods & Evaluation Rheumatology Surgery Tropical Medicine Veterinary Medicine Cell Biology Clinical Biochemistry Environmental Science Life Sciences Neuroscience Pharmacology & Toxicology Biomedical Engineering Engineering & Computing Environmental Engineering Materials Science Anthropology & Archaeology Communication & Media Studies Criminology & Criminal Justice Cultural Studies Economics & Development Education Environmental Studies Ethnic Studies Family Studies Gender Studies Geography Gerontology & Aging Group Studies History Information Science Interpersonal Violence Language & Linguistics Law Management & Organization Studies Marketing & Hospitality Music Peace Studies & Conflict Resolution Philosophy Politics & International Relations Psychoanalysis Psychology & Counseling Public Administration Regional Studies Religion Research Methods & Evaluation Science & Society Studies Social Work & Social Policy Sociology Special Education Urban Studies & Planning BROWSE JOURNALSĬardiac rehabilitation was available in 40/44 (90.9%) European countries. ![]()
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